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Process (engineering)
Engineering is a process of interrelated tasks that, together, transform inputs into outputs.〔ANSI/EIA-632-1998 Processes for Engineering a System, Appendix A, p66〕 These tasks may be carried out by people, nature or machines using various resources; an engineering process must be considered in the context of the agents carrying out the tasks and the resource attributes involved.〔Gilb, p392〕 Systems engineering normative documents and those related to Maturity Models are typically based on processes, for example systems engineering processes of the EIA-632 and processes involved in the Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) institutionalization and improvement approach. Constraints imposed on the tasks and resources required to implement them are essential for executing the tasks mentioned.
== Semiconductor industry ==
Semiconductor process engineers face the unique challenge of transforming raw materials into high-tech devices. Typical semiconductor devices include Integrated Circuits (ICs), Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs), solar panels and solid-state lasers. To produce these and other semiconductor devices, semiconductor process engineers rely heavily on interconnected physical and chemical processes. One example of these processes is ultra-violet photo-lithography which is then followed by wet etching. Wet etching is an IC pattern that is transferred onto an organic coating and etched onto the underlying semiconductor chip. Other examples include the ion implantation of dopant species to tailor the electrical properties of a semiconductor chip and the electrochemical deposition of metallic interconnects (electroplating). Process Engineers may participate in the development of new semiconductor processes and the scale-up of these processes from lab bench to manufacturing floor and quality control on the manufacturing floor.
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